The place of Yoga Vidya in Indian thought system and philosophy has been paramount, very important and special. In indian texts are full of knowledge related to Yoga Vidya at many places. The word Yoga is described in ancient and authentic texts like Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas, Shrimad Bhagvat Geeta etc. Various definitions of yoga are as follows.
Definition of Yoga according to Yoga Sutra-
Yogasutra is an authentic book of yoga composed by Maharishi Patanjali, it has four pad (Chapter) and total 195 sutras.
1. Samadhipad-51 Sutras
2. Sadhanapad-55 Sutras
3. Vibhutipad-55 Sutras
4. Kaivalyapad-34 Sutras
In the second sutra of the first chapter of Yoga Sutra, Maharishi Patanjali has said-
'Yogaschittavritinirodhah' (Yogasutra-1/2)
['योगश्चित्तवृत्तिनिरोधः' (योगसूत्र-1/2)]
That is, stopping the (chitta's) instincts of the mind is yoga. The meaning of chitta is from the Antahkarana (conscience). Externalization when the sense organs receive the objects, the mind (chitta) transmits that knowledge to the soul. The soul sees with the spirit of witness. Wisdom and ego decide the subject and bring a sense of duty in it. The reflection that is formed in the chitta from this whole action is called vritti. It is the result of the chitta.
chitta is like a mirror. Therefore, the subject gets reflected in it, that is, the chitta becomes subject-like. Yoga is to stop this chitta from being subjective. While clarifying the meaning of yoga more, Maharishi Patanjali has further said-
'Tada Drashtuva Swaroope Avasthanam. – (Yogasutra -1/3)
['तदा दृष्टुव स्वरूपे अवस्थानम्।' – (योगसूत्र-1/3)]
That is, in the state of yoga, the mind of the seeker (man) is situated in the form of consciousness (pure divine) like the state of Kaivalya in Nirudhakaal. That's why here Maharishi Patanjali has told yoga in two ways.
1. Samaprajnata Yoga
2. Asmaprajnata Yoga
In Samaprajnata Yoga, Tamoguna remains only in name in a secondary form. And in the chitta of a man, there is practice of Vivek-Khyaati. In Asamprajnata Yoga, the effect of all the three Gunas from outside in the Sattva Chitta stops and the Purusha Shuddha Kaivalya becomes situated in the form of divine form.
Definition of Yoga according to Shri Mad Bhagvat Geeta-
Yogeshwar Lord Shri Krishna has said in Shrimad Bhagvat Geeta-
"Yogastha: Kuru Karmani Sangamatyaktva Dhananjayah.
Siddhayasiddhayo samo bhootva samatvam yoga uchyate". – (Bhagvat Geeta - 2/48)
योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि संगमत्यक्त्वा धनंजयः।
सिद्धयसिद्धयो समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते। - (भगवत गीता - 2/48)
That is, O Dhananjay, leave attachment and work with equanimity. Yoga is to act with equanimity in success and failure. It is yoga to remain constant in the dualities of happiness and sorrow, victory and defeat, loss and gain, cold and hot etc.
Buddhiyukto Jahatih Ubhe Sukrit Dushkrite.
Tasmadhyogaya Yujaswa Yoga Karmasukaushalam. (Bhagvat Geeta -2/50)
बुद्धियुक्तो जहातिः उभे सुकृत दुष्कृते।
तस्माध्ययोगाय युजस्व योग कर्मसुकौशलम्। (भगवत गीता-2/50)
That is, skill in actions is yoga. Karma should be done with such skill that Karma cannot bondage.
That is, doing work with unattached feelings (Nishkam Karma) is Yoga. Because the work done with non-attachment does not cause the upcoming birth due to not generating rituals. Karma Yoga means doing the work without any desire for the result.
Definition of Yoga according to Vedas-
Ashtchakra Navdwara Devana Puryodhaya Tasyan Hiranyamaya Kosha Swargo Jyotishavritha. Arthveda 10/1 / 31
अष्टचक्र नवद्वारा देवाना पूरयोध्याय तस्यां हिरण्यमय कोष स्वर्गो ज्योतिषवृथा। अर्थवेद 10/1 /31
That means this body of ours with eight chakras and nine gates is actually Devnagari Ayodhaya. It has Hiranyamaya Kosha, which is full of light and infinite joy.
In fact, this attainment of infinite joy is possible only through yoga. In short, the description of yoga is scattered in the Vedas, self-welfare is its main subject.
Definition of Yoga according to Upanishad
Definition of Yoga according to Shvetashvatara Upanishad-
Na tasya rogo na zara na mrityu pratsya yogagnimayam shariram. , (2 / 2 2 )
न तस्य रोगो न जरा न मृत्यु प्राप्तस्य योगाग्निमयं शरीरम्। , (2 / 2 2 )
That is, one who gets a body made of the fire of yoga does not get any disease, does not get old and does not even die.
Definition of Yoga according to Kathopanishad-
Ekatvam Prana Manasorindriyan Tathaiv Ch.
Sarvabhava Parityago Yoga Itya Bhidhiyate. , 6/ 25
एकत्वं प्राण मनसोरिन्द्रियं तथैव च।
सर्वभाव परित्यागो योग इत्या भिधीयते। , 6/25
That is, becoming one of the vital, mind and senses, attaining the state of concentration, turning away from external objects, the senses becoming engaged in the mind and the mind in the soul, the motionless of the praan, is yoga.
Other definitions of yoga-
Definition of Yoga according to Maharishi Vyas - Yoga: Samadhi:. Maharishi Vyas has described Yoga as Samadhi.
Definition of Yoga according to Shankaracharya ji- considering Brahma to be true and keeping a false vision towards this world is yoga, it has been said-
"Brahma Satyam Jagatmithya"
"ब्रह्म सत्यम जगत्मिथ्या"
Definition of Yoga according to Maharishi Yajnavalkya – The name of the state of union of the soul and the Supreme Soul is Yoga.
Definition of Yoga according to Sri Guru Granth Sahib- following the true religion in doing selfless work, this is the real yoga. Real yoga is to merge your own light with the eternal and unbroken light of God.
Definition of Yoga according to Shri Ramsharma Acharya - Yoga is the art of living life.
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